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Hands On Lab – Index

[1] Use Recovery Manager to perform database backups
1.1 Backup the whole database
1.2 BACKING UP TABLESPACE AND DATAFILES
1.3 BACKING UP CONTROLFILE AND SPFILE
1.4 BACKING UP ARCHIVELOG
1.5 Taking INCREMENTAL BACKUPS
1.6 INCREMENTALLY UPDATED BACKUP
1.7 Tacking Multisectional BACKUPS
[2] Create different types of RMAN backups to cater for different peformance and retention requirements
[3] Complete database restore and recovery operations
3.1 Restore Parameter File
3.2 Restore from loss of controlfile without RMAN
3.3 Restore controlfile without backup.
3.4 Recover the control-file by manually recreating controlfile.
3.5 Restore Controlfile with RMAN
3.6 Restore datafile using RMAN
3.7 Recovering datafile without having any backup
3.8 Using SET NEWNAME command to change location of the restored datafile
3.9 Restore/Recover a tablespace
3.10 Restoring archived redo log files.
3.11 Perform Block media recovery
3.12 Performing disaster recovery
3.13 Perform incomplete recovery (Time,SCN and Change based)
3.14 Recover database to the previous incarnation.
3.15 Performing tablespace point in time recovery (TSPITR)
[4] Verify the rman backups
4.1 Checking for Block Corruption with the VALIDATE Command
4.2 Validating Database Files with BACKUP VALIDATE
4.3 Validating Backups Before Restoring Them
4.4 Validating CDBs and PDBs

[1] Use Recovery Manager to perform database backups

Back up the whole system or single tablespaces / datafiles

RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE;

Note:
If you specify only the minimum required options for an RMAN command such 
as BACKUP DATABASE,
then RMAN automatically determines the destination device, locations for 
backup output, and a backup tag based on your configured environment and 
built-in RMAN defaults.

You can also provide arguments to BACKUP to override these defaults.
The most typical options are described in the following sections:

-> Specifying the Device Type for an RMAN Backup

RMAN> BACKUP DEVICE TYPE DISK DATABASE;

-> Specifying Backup Set or Copy for an RMAN Backup to Disk

Example 9-2 Making Image Copies

RMAN > BACKUP AS COPY DEVICE TYPE DISK DATABASE;

Example 9-3 Making Backup Sets

RMAN > BACKUP AS BACKUPSET DATABASE;

->Specifying a Format for RMAN Backups

BACKUP DATABASE FORMAT "/disk1/backup_%U"; # specifies a location on the file system

BACKUP DATABASE FORMAT '+dgroup1'; # specifies an ASM disk group

-> Specifying Multiple Formats for Disk Backups

RUN
{
ALLOCATE CHANNEL disk1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk1/%d_backups/%U';
ALLOCATE CHANNEL disk2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk2/%d_backups/%U';
ALLOCATE CHANNEL disk3 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk3/%d_backups/%U';
BACKUP AS COPY DATABASE;
}

You can distribute backups in this manner by default in the future, by 
configuring channels as follows:

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 3;
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;
CONFIGURE CHANNEL 1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk1/%d_backups/%U';
CONFIGURE CHANNEL 2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk2/%d_backups/%U';
CONFIGURE CHANNEL 3 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/disk3/%d_backups/%U';
BACKUP AS COPY DATABASE;

-> Specifying Tags for an RMAN Backup

Example 9-4 Applying a Tag to a Backup Set

RMAN> BACKUP AS BACKUPSET COPIES 1 DATAFILE 7 TAG mondaybkp;

Example 9-5 Applying Tags to Image Copies

RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY TABLESPACE users, tools TAG mondaycpy;

-> Making Compressed Backups

Example 9-7 Making Compressed Backups

RMAN> BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;

-> Specifying Multisection Incremental Backups

-------------------------
Backup the whole database
-------------------------
-> BACKUP DATABASE

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 09:31:07 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 
'/u01/app/oracle/backup1/ctl_autobackup_%F.bkp';


RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE INPUT FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/backup2/full_backup_%U.bkp';

RUN
{
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/backup1/%U.bkp';
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/backup2/%U.bkp';
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch3 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/backup3/%U.bkp';
BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE INPUT;
}

RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2;
RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;
RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL 1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/backup1/%U.bk';
RMAN> CONFIGURE CHANNEL 2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/backup2/%U.bkp';
RMAN> BACKUP DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE INPUT;

-> IMAGE COPY
RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE INPUT;

-> BACKUPSET
RMAN> BACKUP AS BACKUPSET DATABASE;
RMAN> backup as backupset database delete input ;

-> COMPRESSED BACKUPSET
BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG;
RMAN> BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET DATABASE PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE ALL INPUT;

-----------------------------------
BACKING UP TABLESPACE AND DATAFILES
-----------------------------------

RMAN> BACKUP TABLESPACE USERS;

RMAN> BACKUP DATAFILE 3,6;

---------------------------------
BACKING UP CONTROLFILE AND SPFILE
---------------------------------

RMAN> BACKUP DATAFILE 5 INCLUDE CURRENT CONTROLFILE;

RMAN> BACKUP AS COPY CURRENT CONTROLFILE FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/backup1/controlfile_backup%F.bkp';

RMAN> BACKUP SPFILE;

---------------------
BACKING UP ARCHIVELOG
---------------------
RMAN> BACKUP DATAFILE 5 PLUS ARCHIVELOG;

RMAN> BACKUP DATAFILE 6 PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE INPUT;
RMAN> BACKUP DATAFILE 7 PLUS ARCHIVELOG DELETE ALL INPUT;

---------------------------
Taking INCREMENTAL BACKUPS
---------------------------

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING USING FILE '/u01/app/oracle/backup1/bct.trc';

RMAN> BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 0 DATABASE;
RMAN> BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 DATABASE;

SQL> ALTER DATABSE DISABLE BLCOK CHANGE TRACKING;

----------------------------
INCREMENTALLY UPDATED BACKUP
----------------------------
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING USING FILE '/u01/app/oracle/backup2/bct.trc';

RMAN> RUN{
BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 FOR RECOVER OF COPY WITH TAG 'mydb_incr_bkp' DATABASE;
RECOVER COPY OF DATABASE WITH TAG 'mydb_incr_bkp';
}

CREATE TABLESPACE mytbs01 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/mytbs01.dbf' size 10M;

SQL> CREATE TABLE tbl_test01 (ID NUMBER,NAME VARCHAR2(10)) tablespace mytbs01;
SQL> INSERT INTO tbl_test01 VALUES (1,'oracle');
SQL> COMMIT;
SQL> SELETE * FROM tbl_test01;

RMAN>
RUN {
BACKUP INCREMENTAL LEVEL 1 FOR RECOVER OF COPY WITH TAG 'mydb_incr_bkp' DATABASE;
RECOVER COPY OF DATABASE WITH TAG 'mydb_incr_bkp';
}

-bash-4.1$ mv mytbs01.dbf mytbs01.dbf.bkp

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH BUFFER_CACHE;

System altered.

SQL> select * from tbl_mytest01;
select * from tbl_mytest01
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 26
ORA-01110: data file 26: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/mytbs01.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

RMAN> LIST COPY OF DATAFILE 26;

List of Datafile Copies
=======================

Key File S Completion Time Ckp SCN Ckp Time
------- ---- - -------------------- ---------- --------------------
35 26 A Aug 13 2019 11:03:42 2629489 Aug 13 2019 11:03:41
Name: /u01/app/oracle/backup2/data_D-CDB1_I-989477122_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26_96u93l8d.bkp
Tag: MY_INCR_BKP

RMAN> SWITCH DATAFILE 26 TO COPY;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of switch to copy command at 08/13/2019 11:05:48
RMAN-06572: database is open and datafile 26 is not offline

SQL> alter database datafile 26 offline;

Database altered.

RMAN> SWITCH DATAFILE 26 TO COPY;

datafile 26 switched to datafile copy "/u01/app/oracle/backup2/data_D-CDB1_I-989477122_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26_96u93l8d.bkp

RMAN> RECOVER DATAFILE 26;

Starting recover at Aug 13 2019 11:07:05
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at Aug 13 2019 11:07:06

SQL> alter database datafile 26 online;
Database altered.

SQL> SELECT * FROM tbl_mytest01;
ID NAME
---------- ----------
1 ORACLE

------------------------------
Tacking Multisectional BACKUPS
------------------------------
RMAN>
RUN
{
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch1 DEVICE TYPE DISK ;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch2 DEVICE TYPE DISK ;
BACKUP SECTION SIZE 200M DATAFILE 3;
}

[2] Create different types of RMAN backups to cater for different peformance and retention requirements

Monitor RMAN Backup/Restore Progress

#-> Identify the RMAN process.

col clinet_info FORMAT a30
SET LINESIZE 150
SELECT b.sid,b.serial#,a.spid,b.client_info
FROM v$process a,v$session b
WHERE a.addr = b.paddr
AND b.client_info LIKE '%rman%';

#-> To get more statistical information about backups.

COL input_bytes_per_sec_display FORMAT a10
COL output_bytes_per_sec_display FORMAT a10
COL time_taken_display FORMAT a20
SELECT session_recid,input_bytes_per_sec_display,output_bytes_per_sec_display,
time_taken_display,end_time
FROM v$rman_backup_job_details
ORDER BY end_time;

SQL> desc V$rman_backup_job_details
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------------
SESSION_KEY NUMBER
SESSION_RECID NUMBER
SESSION_STAMP NUMBER
COMMAND_ID VARCHAR2(33)
START_TIME DATE
END_TIME DATE
INPUT_BYTES NUMBER
OUTPUT_BYTES NUMBER
STATUS_WEIGHT NUMBER
OPTIMIZED_WEIGHT NUMBER
OBJECT_TYPE_WEIGHT NUMBER
OUTPUT_DEVICE_TYPE VARCHAR2(17)
AUTOBACKUP_COUNT NUMBER
BACKED_BY_OSB VARCHAR2(3)
AUTOBACKUP_DONE VARCHAR2(3)
STATUS VARCHAR2(23)
INPUT_TYPE VARCHAR2(13)
OPTIMIZED VARCHAR2(3)
ELAPSED_SECONDS NUMBER
COMPRESSION_RATIO NUMBER
INPUT_BYTES_PER_SEC NUMBER
OUTPUT_BYTES_PER_SEC NUMBER
INPUT_BYTES_DISPLAY VARCHAR2(4000)
OUTPUT_BYTES_DISPLAY VARCHAR2(4000)
INPUT_BYTES_PER_SEC_DISPLAY VARCHAR2(4000)
OUTPUT_BYTES_PER_SEC_DISPLAY VARCHAR2(4000)
TIME_TAKEN_DISPLAY VARCHAR2(4000)
CON_ID NUMBER

#-> To monitor the ongoing job process of RMAN backup

COL opname FORMAT a30
SELECT sid,serial#,sofar,totalwork,opname,sofar/totalwork * 100 "% Complete
FROM v$session_longops
WHERE opname LIKE 'RMAN%'
AND opname NOT LIKE '%aggregate%'
AND totalwork <> 0
AND sofar != totalwork;

#-> Identify source of backup or restore bottlenecks.

SELECT filename,sid,serial,close_time,long_waits / io_count as ratio
FROM v$backup_async_io
where type != ' AGGREGATE' AND SID = &SID AND SERIAL = &SERIAL
ORDER BY ratio desc;

Insufficient Memory

If you realized from the alert.log file that RMAN can't start IO slaves 
due to insuficent memory,increase LARGE_POOL_SIZE parameter in the database level.

LARGE_POOL_SIZE = number of allocated channels * (16 MB + (4 * size of tape buffer))

Specify the backup duration

#-> if you run this command at 6PM then backup wil be either run till 9PM or 
terminate and report an error.
BACKUP DURATION 3:00 DATABASE;

Example-1:

-bash-4.1$ rman target /

RMAN> backup duration 00:02 database;

Starting backup at Aug 15 2019 10:01:29
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=36 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=18 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3
input datafile file number=00026 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26
input datafile file number=00033 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
input datafile file number=00031 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31
input datafile file number=00028 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-28
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:01:32
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1
input datafile file number=00029 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T3_FNO-29
input datafile file number=00030 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T4_FNO-30
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-4
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:01:32
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:02:39
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_15/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190815T100131_go9r14hz_.bkp tag=TAG20190815T100131 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00009 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9
input datafile file number=00035 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
input datafile file number=00010 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
input datafile file number=00032 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32
input datafile file number=00034 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:02:40
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:02:40
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_15/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190815T100131_go9r155h_.bkp tag=TAG20190815T100131 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:08
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:02:40
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:03:35
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_15/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190815T100131_go9r38bg_.bkp tag=TAG20190815T100131 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 08/15/2019 10:03:35
ORA-19591: backup aborted because job time exceeded duration time
continuing other job steps, job failed will not be re-run
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:03:36
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95C4062AA822B8E0536638A8C060CB/backupset/2019_08_15/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190815T100131_go9r38os_.bkp tag=TAG20190815T100131 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:56
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 08/15/2019 10:03:35
ORA-19591: backup aborted because job time exceeded duration time

#-> If partial parameter is specified, instead of giving an error message, RMAN display a list of files that are not backed up;
RMAN > BACKUP DURATION 3:00 PARTIAL DATABASE;

Example-2:

RMAN> backup duration 00:02 partial database;

Starting backup at Aug 15 2019 10:04:17
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-5
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:04:17
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00008 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8
input datafile file number=00025 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25
input datafile file number=00039 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tbs_test_pitr.dbf
input datafile file number=00012 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
input datafile file number=00017 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
input datafile file number=00036 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tbs_pitr.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:04:18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:04:53
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95C4062AA822B8E0536638A8C060CB/backupset/2019_08_15/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190815T100417_go9r69yr_.bkp tag=TAG20190815T100417 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:36
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3
input datafile file number=00026 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26
input datafile file number=00033 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
input datafile file number=00031 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31
input datafile file number=00028 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-28
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:04:53
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:04:53
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_15/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190815T100417_go9r6cqc_.bkp tag=TAG20190815T100417 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:35
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1
input datafile file number=00029 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T3_FNO-29
input datafile file number=00030 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T4_FNO-30
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-4
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:04:53
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:05:58
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_15/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190815T100417_go9r7fl8_.bkp tag=TAG20190815T100417 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00009 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9
input datafile file number=00035 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
input datafile file number=00010 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
input datafile file number=00032 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32
input datafile file number=00034 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:05:59
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:05:59
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_15/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190815T100417_go9r7fy8_.bkp tag=TAG20190815T100417 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:06
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:05:59
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 08/15/2019 10:06:24
ORA-19591: backup aborted because job time exceeded duration time
backup of datafile 9 was cancelled
backup of datafile 35 was cancelled
backup of datafile 10 was cancelled
backup of datafile 32 was cancelled
backup of datafile 34 was cancelled
RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_2 channel at 08/15/2019 10:06:24
ORA-19591: backup aborted because job time exceeded duration time
backup of datafile 7 was cancelled
Finished backup at Aug 15 2019 10:06:24

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 15 2019 10:06:24
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_15/o1_mf_s_1016359584_go9rb9r4_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 15 2019 10:06:27

Minimize duration time and Load

-> When using DURATION parameter, you can run the backup with the maximum possible performance.

RMAN> BACKUP DURATION 3:00 PARTIAL MINIMIZE TIME DATABASE FILEPERSET 1;

-> To extend the backup to use full available time, use MINIMIZE LOAD option.
RMAN monitors the running backup, estimate the time of expected backup completion and minimize the load by slowing down
the rate if it identifies that the backup will finish before the end of the backup window.

RMAN> BACKUP DURATION 4:00 PARTIAL MINIMIZE LOAD DATABASE;

Using RATE parameter

To specify the amount of bytes that are read over a channel per second, use a RATE parameter
of ALLOCATE and CONFIGURE CHANNEL commands. By using this parameter, you set a limit for IO
to minimize disk bandwidth.

RMAN> run
2> {
3> ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch1 TYPE DISK RATE 40M;
4> BACKUP PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1;
5> }

allocated channel: ch1
channel ch1: SID=262 device type=DISK

Starting backup at Aug 15 2019 10:25:08
channel ch1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00009 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9
input datafile file number=00008 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8
input datafile file number=00025 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25
input datafile file number=00039 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tbs_test_pitr.dbf
input datafile file number=00012 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
input datafile file number=00017 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
input datafile file number=00036 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tbs_pitr.dbf
input datafile file number=00035 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
input datafile file number=00010 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
input datafile file number=00032 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32
input datafile file number=00034 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34
channel ch1: starting piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:25:08
channel ch1: finished piece 1 at Aug 15 2019 10:27:33
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_15/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190815T102508_go9sfds9_.bkp tag=TAG20190815T102508 comment=NONE
channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:25
Finished backup at Aug 15 2019 10:27:33

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 15 2019 10:27:33
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_15/o1_mf_s_1016360853_go9skz1z_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 15 2019 10:27:36
released channel: ch1

[3] Complete database restore and recovery operations

How to protect is the easier part, you must ensure your environment will be prepared for a catastrophic event:
Enable Archivelog
Enable Flashback
Add Supplemental Log
Then perform a full backup of your CDB (including the PDBs)

What you need to do here is do all kinds of complete restore/recovery operations.
Use Recover Manager to perform complete database restore and recovery operations

Practice the following:

Losing one or multiple logfiles (members or entire groups, active or inactive)
Losing one or all controlfiles
Losing one or all datafiles from CDB
Losing one or all datafiles from PDB (with or without the PDB backup after its creation)
Losing spfile
Losing everything (including spfile)
Database, PDB and Tablespace point in time recovery
Drop a PDB and do a PDB PITR just before it was removed
Using Restore Points to flashback your database
New Table Point In Time Recovery (using also the REMAP or dump file features)

I also recommend studying the situation where you have a data guard environment and
you need to restore missing controlfile/datafiles on your primary using the standby (and vice versa).

==================================================================USE RECOVERY MANAGER TO PERFORM COMPLETE DATABASE RESTORE AND RECOVERY OPERATIONS
==================================================================

Restore Parameter File

[1] Restore the spfile using rman spfile backup.

-bash-4.1$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
-bash-4.1$ rm spfilecdb1.ora

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.

-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/initcdb1.ora'
SQL> quit

-bash-4.1$ rman target /

RMAN> startup nomount

startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/initcdb1.ora'

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes

Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 281018472 bytes
Database Buffers 784334848 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes

RMAN> set DBID=989477122

executing command: SET DBID
database name is CDB1 and DBID is 989477122

RMAN> RESTORE SPFILE FROM AUTOBACKUP;

Starting restore at Aug 13 2019 12:09:30
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=11 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20190813
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20190812
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20190811
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20190810
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20190809
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20190808
channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for AUTOBACKUP on day: 20190807
channel ORA_DISK_1: no AUTOBACKUP in 7 days found
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/13/2019 12:09:33
RMAN-06172: no AUTOBACKUP found or specified handle is not a valid copy or piece

RMAN> restore spfile from '/u01/app/oracle/backup1/ctl_autobackup_c-989477122-20190813-15.bkp';

Starting restore at Aug 13 2019 12:10:09
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/backup1/ctl_autobackup_c-989477122-20190813-15.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at Aug 13 2019 12:10:10

RMAN> quit
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> STARTUP
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 666894440 bytes
Database Buffers 398458880 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0
.2/db_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora

[2]
-bash-4.1$ rm /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> alter system processes=200 scope=spfile;
alter system processes=200 scope=spfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02065: illegal option for ALTER SYSTEM

SQL> alter system set processes=200 scope=spfile;
alter system set processes=200 scope=spfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01565: error in identifying file
'/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

RMAN> restore spfile to '/tmp/spfile_cdb1.ora';

Starting restore at Aug 13 2019 15:09:15
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring SPFILE
output file name=/tmp/spfile_cdb1.ora
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_13/o1_mf_s_1016195699_go4r8w7n_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_13/o1_mf_s_1016195699_go4r8w7n_.bkp tag=TAG20190813T123459
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
Finished restore at Aug 13 2019 15:09:24

-bash-4.1$ cp /tmp/spfile_cdb1.ora /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0
.2/db_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora
SQL> alter system set processes=200 scope=spfile;

[3] Create spfile from alert log file.

-bash-4.1$ rm /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora
-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Tue Aug 13 15:10:43 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/initcdb1.ora'
SQL> quit
Disconnected

-bash-4.1$ cd /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/cdb1/cdb1/trace/

-bash-4.1$ tail -500 alert_cdb1.log | grep non-default -A23
System parameters with non-default values:
processes = 300
memory_target = 1G
control_files = "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
control_files = "/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl
db_block_size = 8192
compatible = 12.1.0.2.0
db_recovery_file_dest = "/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
db_recovery_file_dest_size= 4560M
undo_tablespace = UNDOTBS1
remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE
db_domain = ""
dispatchers = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=cdb1XDB)"
audit_file_dest = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/cdb1/adump
audit_trail = DB
db_name = cdb1
open_cursors = 300
diagnostic_dest = "/u01/app/oracle
enable_pluggable_database= TRUE
NOTE: remote asm mode is local (mode 0x1; from cluster type)
Starting background process PMON
Starting background process PSP0
Tue Aug 13 15:04:00 2019
PMON started with pid=2, OS id=3432
-bash-4.1$ dbs
-bash-4.1$ vi initcdb1.ora
-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Tue Aug 13 15:13:08 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup pfile=initcdb1.ora
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 713031784 bytes
Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string
SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SQL> startup force
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 713031784 bytes
Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0
.2/db_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora
SQL> quit

[4] Restore spfile to local from rman autobackup.

-bash-4.1$ rm spfilecdb1.ora
-bash-4.1$ rm initcdb1.ora
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 16:57:32 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup nomount

startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/initcdb1.ora'

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes

Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 281018472 bytes
Database Buffers 784334848 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes

RMAN> restore spfile to '/tmp/spfile-cdb1.ora' from '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_13/o1_mf_s_1016195699_go4r8w7n_.bkp';

Starting restore at Aug 13 2019 17:00:21
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_13/o1_mf_s_1016195699_go4r8w7n_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at Aug 13 2019 17:00:24

RMAN> quit
Recovery Manager complete.
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Tue Aug 13 17:00:35 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> create pfile from spfile='/tmp/spfile-cdb1.ora';

File created.

SQL> create spfile from pfile;

File created.

SQL> startup force
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 666894440 bytes
Database Buffers 398458880 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter spfile

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0
.2/db_1/dbs/spfilecdb1.ora

Restore from loss of controlfile without RMAN

[1] Restore controlfile without backup.

-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl

SQL> !rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl

SQL> create tablespace t2 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t2.dbf' size 1M;
create tablespace t2 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t2.dbf' size 1M
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

SQL> quit
-bash-4.1$ cd /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/
-bash-4.1$ cp control02.ctl /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> startup force
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 666894440 bytes
Database Buffers 398458880 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
SQL> show parameter control_files;

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_files string /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/c
ontrol01.ctl, /u01/app/oracle/
fast_recovery_area/cdb1/contro
l02.ctl
SQL> create tablespace t2 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t2.dbf' size 1M;

Tablespace created.

SQL> !rm /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl

SQL> create tablespace t3 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t3.dbf' size 1M;

Tablespace created.

SQL> !ls /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl
ls: cannot access /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl: No such file or directory

SQL> create tablespace t4 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t4.dbf' size 1M;

Tablespace created.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> !ls /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl
ls: cannot access /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl: No such file or directory

SQL> !ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl

SQL> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file:
'/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
SQL> quit

-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL>
SQL> shut abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
SQL> exit

-bash-4.1$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1
-bash-4.1$ cp control01.ctl control02.ctl
-bash-4.1$ mv control02.ctl /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/
-bash-4.1$ ls /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 666894440 bytes
Database Buffers 398458880 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl

[2] Recover the control-file by manually recreating controlfile.

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/tmp/controlfile_cdb1.txt';

Database altered.

SQL> exit
-bash-4.1$ rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
-bash-4.1$ rm /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl
-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Tue Aug 13 17:23:30 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> create tablespace t1 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t1.dbf' size 1M;
create tablespace t1 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t1.dbf' size 1M
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
SQL> quit

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 17:24:09 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00554: initialization of internal recovery manager package failed
RMAN-06003: ORACLE error from target database:
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> shut abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 666894440 bytes
Database Buffers 398458880 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
SQL> quit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ vi /tmp/controlfile_cdb1.txt

-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE CDB1 NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
MAXDATAFILES 1024
MAXINSTANCES 8
MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/system01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/sysaux01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/undotbs01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdbseed/system01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/system01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/pdb1_users01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/rcatalog1.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/user02.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/test01.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/backup2/data_D-CDB1_I-989477122_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26_96u93l8d.bkp'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8
;
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Control file created.

SQL> SQL> -- Configure RMAN configuration record 1
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP','ON');
-- Configure RMAN configuration record 3
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY','TO NONE');
-- Configure RMAN configuration record 4
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('BACKUP OPTIMIZATION','ON');
-- Configure RMAN configuration record 5
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('DEVICE TYPE','DISK PARALLELISM 2 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET');
-- Configure RMAN configuration record 6
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO','DISK');
-- Configure RMAN configuration record 7
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CHANNEL','1 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT ''/u01/app/oracle/backup1/%U.bk''');
-- Configure RMAN configuration record 8
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CHANNEL','2 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT ''/u01/app/oracle/backup2/%U.bkp''');
-- Configure RMAN configuration record 9
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CHANNEL','3 DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT ''/u01/app/oracle/backup3/%U.bkp''');
SQL> SQL>
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

-bash-4.1$ rman target /

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at Aug 13 2019 17:31:03
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
configuration for DISK channel 3 is ignored
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=249 device type=DISK

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at Aug 13 2019 17:31:05

RMAN> alter database open;

Statement processed

RMAN> quit
Recovery Manager complete.

Restore Controlfile with RMAN

[3] Restore the controlfile using backup

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl

SQL> !ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
ls: cannot access /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl: No such file or directory

SQL> !ls /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl
ls: cannot access /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl: No such file or directory

SQL> create tablespace test datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/test01.dbf' size 1M;
create tablespace test datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/test01.dbf' size 1M
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;
alter database backup controlfile to trace
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 17:14:05 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00554: initialization of internal recovery manager package failed
RMAN-06003: ORACLE error from target database:
ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file
ORA-00202: control file: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> shut abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ export ORACLE_SID=cdb1
-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 17:14:25 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup nomount;

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes

Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 666894440 bytes
Database Buffers 398458880 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes

RMAN> restore controlfile from autobackup;

Starting restore at Aug 13 2019 17:14:53
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK

recovery area destination: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
database name (or database unique name) used for search: CDB1
channel ORA_DISK_1: AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_13/o1_mf_s_1016195699_go4r8w7n_.bkp found in the recovery area
AUTOBACKUP search with format "%F not attempted because DBID was not set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_13/o1_mf_s_1016195699_go4r8w7n_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: control file restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl
Finished restore at Aug 13 2019 17:14:58

RMAN> alter database mount;

Statement processed
released channel: ORA_DISK_1

RMAN> alter database open;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of sql statement command at 08/13/2019 17:16:04
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of sql statement command at 08/13/2019 17:16:22
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/system01.dbf'

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at Aug 13 2019 17:16:30
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at Aug 13 2019 17:16:30
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=249 device type=DISK
Crosschecked 4 objects
Crosschecked 53 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at Aug 13 2019 17:16:33

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at Aug 13 2019 17:16:33
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
Crosschecked 13 objects
Crosschecked 9 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at Aug 13 2019 17:16:35

searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_13/o1_mf_s_1016195699_go4r8w7n_.bkp
File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_13/o1_mf_1_62_go510sz1_.arc
File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_13/o1_mf_1_63_go51mf2h_.arc
File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_13/o1_mf_1_64_go57j7y3_.arc

using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
datafile 6 not processed because file is read-only
datafile 13 not processed because file is read-only
datafile 14 not processed because file is read-only
datafile 15 not processed because file is read-only
datafile 16 not processed because file is read-only
datafile 18 not processed because file is read-only
datafile 19 not processed because file is read-only
datafile 20 not processed because file is read-only
datafile 21 not processed because file is read-only
datafile 22 not processed because file is read-only
datafile 23 not processed because file is read-only

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 62 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_13/o1_mf_1_62_go510sz1_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 63 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_13/o1_mf_1_63_go51mf2h_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 64 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_13/o1_mf_1_64_go57j7y3_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 65 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/redo02.log
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_13/o1_mf_1_62_go510sz1_.arc thread=1 sequence=62
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_13/o1_mf_1_63_go51mf2h_.arc thread=1 sequence=63
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_13/o1_mf_1_64_go57j7y3_.arc thread=1 sequence=64
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/redo02.log thread=1 sequence=65
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished recover at Aug 13 2019 17:16:40

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

Statement processed

-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl

Restore datafile using RMAN

SQL> show pdbs

CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
SQL>
SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;

Session altered.

SQL> create tablespace t1 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t1.dbf' size 5m;

Tablespace created.

SQL> create user t1 identified by t1 default tablespace t1 quota unlimited on t1 temporary tablespace temp;

User created.

SQL> grant connect,resource to t1;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> connect t1/t1@//racnode2/pdb1
Connected.
SQL> create table t1 (ID NUMBER) ;

Table created.

SQL> INSERT INTO T1 VALUES(100);

-bash-4.1$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 18:43:01 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete input;

Starting backup at Aug 13 2019 18:43:17
current log archived
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
configuration for DISK channel 3 is ignored
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=32 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=248 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=6 RECID=6 STAMP=1016217797
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:43:18
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:43:19
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup1/05u94g66_1_1.bk tag=TAG20190813T184318 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_13/o1_mf_1_6_go5fvfpk_.arc RECID=6 STAMP=1016217797
Finished backup at Aug 13 2019 18:43:19

Starting backup at Aug 13 2019 18:43:19
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00029 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t3.dbf
input datafile file number=00030 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t4.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:43:20
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00026 name=/u01/app/oracle/backup2/data_D-CDB1_I-989477122_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26_96u93l8d.bkp
input datafile file number=00033 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/USER2.dbf
input datafile file number=00031 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf
input datafile file number=00028 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t2.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:43:20
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:47:27
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup2/07u94g68_1_1.bkp tag=TAG20190813T184320 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:04:09
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00009 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00010 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/pdb1_users01.dbf
input datafile file number=00032 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t1.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:47:47
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:47:47
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup1/06u94g68_1_1.bk tag=TAG20190813T184320 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:04:27
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:47:48
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:50:13
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup1/09u94gej_1_1.bk tag=TAG20190813T184320 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00025 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/test01.dbf
input datafile file number=00012 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/rcatalog1.dbf
input datafile file number=00017 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/user02.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:50:15
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:50:15
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup2/08u94gei_1_1.bkp tag=TAG20190813T184320 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:28
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdbseed/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:50:16
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:51:11
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup1/0bu94gj7_1_1.bk tag=TAG20190813T184320 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:56
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:51:11
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup2/0cu94gj8_1_1.bkp tag=TAG20190813T184320 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
Finished backup at Aug 13 2019 18:51:11

Starting backup at Aug 13 2019 18:51:11
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=7 RECID=7 STAMP=1016218271
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:51:11
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 13 2019 18:51:12
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup1/0du94gkv_1_1.bk tag=TAG20190813T185111 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_13/o1_mf_1_7_go5gb7ff_.arc RECID=7 STAMP=1016218271
Finished backup at Aug 13 2019 18:51:12

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 13 2019 18:51:12
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_13/o1_mf_s_1016218272_go5gb9fg_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 13 2019 18:51:15

RMAN> quit

SQL> insert into t1 values(200);

SQL> commit;

SQL> select * from t1;

ID
----------
200
100

-bash-4.1$ rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t1.dbf
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sqlplus t1/t1@//racnode2/pdb1

SQL> insert into t1 values(300);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into t1 values(400);

1 row created.

SQL> select * from t1;

ID
----------
200
300
400
100

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> quit
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;

Session altered.

SQL> select * from t1.t1;

ID
----------
200
300
400
100

SQL> insert into t1.t1 values(500);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> exit
-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;

System altered.

SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;

Session altered.

SQL> insert into t1.t1 values(500);

1 row created.

SQL> connect t1/t1@//racnode2/pdb1
Connected.
SQL> select table_name,tablespace_name from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
T1
T1

SQL> !ls /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t1.dbf
ls: cannot access /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t1.dbf: No such file or directory

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> select table_name,tablespace_name from user_tables;

TABLE_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
T1
T1

SQL> connect sys/oracle_4U@//racnode2/pdb1 as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;

System altered.

SQL> insert into t1.t1 values(500);
insert into t1.t1 values(500)
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 32
ORA-01110: data file 32: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t1.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

SQL> quit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 18:58:11 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> restore datafile 32;

Starting restore at Aug 13 2019 18:58:24
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
configuration for DISK channel 3 is ignored
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=248 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00032 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t1.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/backup2/08u94gei_1_1.bkp
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/13/2019 18:58:26
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/app/oracle/backup2/08u94gei_1_1.bkp
ORA-19573: cannot obtain exclusive enqueue for datafile 32

-bash-4.1$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@//racnode2/pdb1 as sysdba

SQL> alter tablespace t1 offline immediate;
alter tablespace t1 offline
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 32
ORA-01110: data file 32: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t1.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

SQL> quit

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 19:00:55 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> restore datafile 32;

Starting restore at Aug 13 2019 19:01:01
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
configuration for DISK channel 3 is ignored
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=269 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00032 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t1.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/backup2/08u94gei_1_1.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup2/08u94gei_1_1.bkp tag=TAG20190813T184320
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at Aug 13 2019 19:01:03

RMAN> recover datafile 32;

Starting recover at Aug 13 2019 19:01:12
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at Aug 13 2019 19:01:12

-bash-4.1$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@//racnode2/pdb1 as sysdba

SQL> alter tablespace t1 online;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> select * from t1.t1;

ID
----------
200
300
400
500
500
100

6 rows selected.

Recovering datafile without having any backup

SQL> create tablespace t5 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf' size 5M

SQL> create table t1 (ID NUMBER) TABLESPACE t5;

SQL> insert into t1
2 select 100 from dual;

SQL> COMMIT;

SQL> SELECT * FROM T1;

ID
----------
100

SQL> !rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf

SQL> SELECT * FROM T1;

ID
----------
100

SQL> alter system flush buffer_cachel;
alter system flush buffer_cachel
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02000: missing SHARED_POOL/BUFFER_POOL/BUFFER_CACHE/GLOBAL CONTEXT keyword

SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;

System altered.

SQL> SELECT * FROM T1;

ID
----------
100

SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;

System altered.

SQL> SELECT * FROM T1;

ID
----------
100

SQL> select count(*) from t1;

COUNT(*)
----------
1

SQL> desc t1
Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
ID NUMBER

SQL> insert into t1 values(2);
insert into t1 values(2)
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 31
ORA-01110: data file 31: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 18:21:08 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> report schema;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name CDB1

List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 800 SYSTEM YES /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/system01.dbf
3 710 SYSAUX NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/sysaux01.dbf
4 220 UNDOTBS1 YES /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/undotbs01.dbf
5 250 PDB$SEED:SYSTEM NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdbseed/system01.dbf
6 0 USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/MISSING00006
7 550 PDB$SEED:SYSAUX NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
8 270 PDB1:SYSTEM NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/system01.dbf
9 590 PDB1:SYSAUX NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf
10 5 PDB1:USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/pdb1_users01.dbf
12 10 PDB1:RCATALOG1 NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/rcatalog1.dbf
13 0 USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/MISSING00013
14 0 USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/MISSING00014
15 0 USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/MISSING00015
16 0 USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/MISSING00016
17 10 PDB1:USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/user02.dbf
18 0 USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/MISSING00018
19 0 USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/MISSING00019
20 0 USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/MISSING00020
21 0 USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/MISSING00021
22 0 USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/MISSING00022
23 0 USERS NO /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/MISSING00023
25 15 PDB1:TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/test01.dbf
26 10 MYTBS01 NO /u01/app/oracle/backup2/data_D-CDB1_I-989477122_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26_96u93l8d.bkp
28 1 T2 NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t2.dbf
29 1 T3 NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t3.dbf
30 1 T4 NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t4.dbf
31 0 T5 NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf

RMAN> recover datafile 31;

Starting recover at Aug 13 2019 18:21:39
configuration for DISK channel 3 is ignored
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=25 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=237 device type=DISK
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 08/13/2019 18:21:40
RMAN-06094: datafile 31 must be restored

RMAN> restore datafile 31;

Starting restore at Aug 13 2019 18:21:50
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

creating datafile file number=31 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/13/2019 18:21:51
ORA-01182: cannot create database file 31 - file is in use or recovery
ORA-01110: data file 31: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf'

RMAN> sql 'alter tablespace t5 offline';

sql statement: alter tablespace t5 offline
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03009: failure of sql command on default channel at 08/13/2019 18:22:29
RMAN-11003: failure during parse/execution of SQL statement: alter tablespace t5 offline
ORA-01116: error in opening database file 31
ORA-01110: data file 31: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf'
ORA-27041: unable to open file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3

RMAN> sql 'alter tablespace t5 offline immediate';

sql statement: alter tablespace t5 offline immediate

RMAN> restore datafile 31;

Starting restore at Aug 13 2019 18:22:51
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

creating datafile file number=31 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf
restore not done; all files read only, offline, or already restored
Finished restore at Aug 13 2019 18:22:51

RMAN> recover datafile 31;

Starting recover at Aug 13 2019 18:23:05
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at Aug 13 2019 18:23:05

RMAN> sql 'alter tablespace t5 online';

sql statement: alter tablespace t5 online

RMAN> quit

-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL> insert into t1 values(2);

1 row created.

SQL> insert into t1 values(200);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> select * from t1;

ID
----------
100
2
200
SQL>

Using SET NEWNAME command to change location of the restored datafile

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 21:44:30 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> backup as copy tablespace t5;

Starting backup at Aug 13 2019 21:44:56
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
configuration for DISK channel 3 is ignored
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=31 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=279 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00031 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/backup1/data_D-CDB1_I-989477122_TS-T5_FNO-31_0hu94qqs.bk tag=TAG20190813T214459 RECID=2 STAMP=1016228701
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished backup at Aug 13 2019 21:45:03

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 13 2019 21:45:04
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_13/o1_mf_s_1016228704_go5rjbdn_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 13 2019 21:45:11

RMAN> quit
Recovery Manager complete.

-bash-4.1$ rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> startup force
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 666894440 bytes
Database Buffers 398458880 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 31 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 31: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t5.dbf'
SQL> quit

-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE
--------------------
MOUNTED

SQL> quit

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 21:48:17 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122, not open)
RMAN>

RMAN> switch datafile 31 to copy;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
datafile 31 switched to datafile copy "/u01/app/oracle/backup1/data_D-CDB1_I-989477122_TS-T5_FNO-31_0hu94qqs.bk

RMAN> quit
Recovery Manager complete.

-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Tue Aug 13 21:48:50 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SQL> startup force
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 666894440 bytes
Database Buffers 398458880 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdbseed/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/pdb1_users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/rcatalog1.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/user02.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/test01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/backup2/data_D-CDB1_I-989477122_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26_96u93l8d.bkp
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t2.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t3.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t4.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/backup1/data_D-CDB1_I-989477122_TS-T5_FNO-31_0hu94qqs.bk
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t1.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/backup1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t2.dbf

19 rows selected.

SQL> quit

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 21:50:28 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> run
2> {
3> set newname for tablespace t5 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/%U';
4> restore tablespace t5;
5> }

executing command: SET NEWNAME

Starting restore at Aug 13 2019 21:53:32
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
configuration for DISK channel 3 is ignored
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=21 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=261 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00031 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/backup2/07u94g68_1_1.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup2/07u94g68_1_1.bkp tag=TAG20190813T184320
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at Aug 13 2019 21:53:36

#-> Switch datafiles to copy to avoid the time need to restore

RMAN> backup as copy database;

-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdbseed/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/pdb1_users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/rcatalog1.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/user02.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/test01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/backup2/data_D-CDB1_I-989477122_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26_96u93l8d.bkp
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t2.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t3.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/t4.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/backup1/data_D-CDB1_I-989477122_TS-T5_FNO-31_0hu94qqs.bk
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t1.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/backup1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/t2.dbf

19 rows selected.

SQL> quit

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 22:05:05 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> run
2> {
3> set newname for database to '/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/%U';
4> restore database;
5> }

-bash-4.1$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 22:15:56 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> switch database to copy;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of switch to copy command at 08/13/2019 22:16:05
RMAN-06572: database is open and datafile 1 is not offline

RMAN> quit

Recovery Manager complete.
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Tue Aug 13 22:16:11 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> shut immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

-bash-4.1$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Tue Aug 13 22:17:20 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup mount;

Oracle instance started
database mounted

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes

Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 666894440 bytes
Database Buffers 398458880 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes

RMAN> switch database to copy;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-4
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-5
datafile 7 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7
datafile 8 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8
datafile 9 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9
datafile 10 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
datafile 12 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
datafile 17 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
datafile 25 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25
datafile 26 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26
datafile 28 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-28
datafile 29 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T3_FNO-29
datafile 30 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T4_FNO-30
datafile 31 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31
datafile 32 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32
datafile 33 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
datafile 34 switched to datafile copy "/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34

RMAN> quit

Recovery Manager complete.
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Tue Aug 13 22:17:54 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select name from v$datafile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-4
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-5
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-28
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T3_FNO-29
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T4_FNO-30
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34

19 rows selected.

Restore/Recover a tablespace

RMAN> restore tablespace PDB1:RCATALOG1;

Starting restore at Aug 14 2019 09:42:35
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00012
input datafile copy RECID=65 STAMP=1016230938 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
destination for restore of datafile 00012: /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/14/2019 09:42:36
ORA-19573: cannot obtain exclusive enqueue for datafile 12
ORA-19600: input file is datafile-copy 65 (/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12)
ORA-19601: output file is datafile 12 (/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12)

RMAN> sql 'PDB1' 'alter database datafile 12 offline';

sql statement: alter database datafile 12 offline

RMAN> restore tablespace PDB1:RCATALOG1;

Starting restore at Aug 14 2019 09:43:19
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00012
input datafile copy RECID=65 STAMP=1016230938 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
destination for restore of datafile 00012: /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: copied datafile copy of datafile 00012
output file name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12 RECID=0 STAMP=0
Finished restore at Aug 14 2019 09:43:20

RMAN> recover tablespace PDB1:RCATALOG1;

Starting recover at Aug 14 2019 09:43:32
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at Aug 14 2019 09:43:32

RMAN> sql 'PDB1' 'alter database datafile 12 online';

sql statement: alter database datafile 12 online

Restoring archived redo log files.

RESTORE ARCHIVELOG FROM SCN 459723;
RESTORE ARCHIVELOG FROM SCN BETWEEN 234324 AND 54545;
RESTORE ARCHIVELOG FROM SEQUENCE 774;
RESTORE ARCHIVELOG FROM SEQUENCE 23 UNTIL SEQUENCE 25;
RESTORE ARCHIVELOG FROM LOGSEQ 774 UNTIL 800 [THREAD 1]; -- FOR RAC.
RESTORE ARCHIVELOG UNTIL TIME TO_DATE('14/08/19 12:00:00','DD/MM/YY HH24:MI:SS)"

[1] Restore archivelog in different location.

RMAN> backup archivelog all delete input;

Starting backup at Aug 14 2019 10:12:08
current log archived
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=24 RECID=32 STAMP=1016273261
input archived log thread=1 sequence=25 RECID=33 STAMP=1016273372
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 14 2019 10:12:09
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=26 RECID=34 STAMP=1016273380
input archived log thread=1 sequence=27 RECID=35 STAMP=1016273387
input archived log thread=1 sequence=28 RECID=36 STAMP=1016273399
input archived log thread=1 sequence=29 RECID=37 STAMP=1016273455
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at Aug 14 2019 10:12:09
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 14 2019 10:12:10
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T101208_go74912b_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T101208 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_14/o1_mf_1_24_go740o3n_.arc RECID=32 STAMP=1016273261
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_14/o1_mf_1_25_go7444kx_.arc RECID=33 STAMP=1016273372
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=30 RECID=38 STAMP=1016273528
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 14 2019 10:12:10
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at Aug 14 2019 10:12:10
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T101208_go74914n_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T101208 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_2: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_14/o1_mf_1_26_go744d4m_.arc RECID=34 STAMP=1016273380
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_14/o1_mf_1_27_go744mmo_.arc RECID=35 STAMP=1016273387
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_14/o1_mf_1_28_go744znl_.arc RECID=36 STAMP=1016273399
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_14/o1_mf_1_29_go746qtj_.arc RECID=37 STAMP=1016273455
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 14 2019 10:12:10
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T101208_go7492gx_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T101208 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
channel ORA_DISK_1: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_14/o1_mf_1_30_go7490fn_.arc RECID=38 STAMP=1016273528
Finished backup at Aug 14 2019 10:12:10

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 14 2019 10:12:10
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_14/o1_mf_s_1016273530_go74944n_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 14 2019 10:12:14

RMAN> run
2> {
3> set archivelog destination to '/u01/app/oracle/backup1';
4> restore archivelog from sequence 25;
5> }

executing command: SET ARCHIVELOG DESTINATION

Starting restore at Aug 14 2019 10:12:41
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to user-specified destination
archived log destination=/u01/app/oracle/backup1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=25
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T101208_go74912b_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting archived log restore to user-specified destination
archived log destination=/u01/app/oracle/backup1
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=26
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=27
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=28
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=29
channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T101208_go74914n_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T101208_go74912b_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T101208
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to user-specified destination
archived log destination=/u01/app/oracle/backup1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=30
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T101208_go7492gx_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T101208_go74914n_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T101208
channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_2: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T101208_go7492gx_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T101208
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at Aug 14 2019 10:12:43

RMAN> quit
Recovery Manager complete.

-bash-4.1$ ll /u01/app/oracle/backup1
total 1177692
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 28672 Aug 14 10:12 1_25_1016212613.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5632 Aug 14 10:12 1_26_1016212613.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 6144 Aug 14 10:12 1_27_1016212613.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Aug 14 10:12 1_28_1016212613.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 15872 Aug 14 10:12 1_29_1016212613.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1536 Aug 14 10:12 1_30_1016212613.dbf

[2] Restore archivelog from scn.

RMAN> restore archivelog from scn 3468866;

Starting restore at Aug 14 2019 10:18:08
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=248 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=23 device type=DISK

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 25 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/backup1/1_25_1016212613.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 26 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/backup1/1_26_1016212613.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 27 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/backup1/1_27_1016212613.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 28 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/backup1/1_28_1016212613.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 29 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/backup1/1_29_1016212613.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 30 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/backup1/1_30_1016212613.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=23
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T100520_go73w8hk_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=24
channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T101208_go74912b_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T100520_go73w8hk_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T100520
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_annnn_TAG20190814T101208_go74912b_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T101208
channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_2: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at Aug 14 2019 10:18:11

[3] Restore archive log from sequence 23 to 25.
RMAN> RESTORE ARCHIVELOG FROM SEQUENCE 23 UNTIL SEQUENCE 25;

Starting restore at Aug 14 2019 10:24:36
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 23 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_14/o1_mf_1_23_go74nb96_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 24 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_14/o1_mf_1_24_go74nb9k_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 25 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/backup1/1_25_1016212613.dbf
restore not done; all files read only, offline, or already restored
Finished restore at Aug 14 2019 10:24:36

Perform Block media recovery

-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Wed Aug 14 10:29:30 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;

Session altered.

SQL> create tablespace tc datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf' size 9M;

Tablespace created.

SQL> create user tc identified by tc default tablespace tc quota unlimited on tc temporary tablespace temp
2 ;

User created.

SQL> grant connect,resource to tc;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> connect tc/tc@//racnode2/pdb1
Connected.
SQL> create table tbl_tc (id number);

Table created.

SQL> insert into tbl_tc values (1);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> select * from tbl_tc;

ID
----------
1

SQL> connect sys/oracle_4U@//racnode2/pdb1 as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select header_block from dba_segments where segment_name ='TBL_TC';

HEADER_BLOCK
------------
130

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Wed Aug 14 10:33:17 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> report schema;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name CDB1

List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 810 SYSTEM YES /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1
3 710 SYSAUX NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3
4 220 UNDOTBS1 YES /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-4
5 250 PDB$SEED:SYSTEM NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-5
7 550 PDB$SEED:SYSAUX NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7
8 270 PDB1:SYSTEM NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8
9 590 PDB1:SYSAUX NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9
10 5 PDB1:USERS NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
12 10 PDB1:RCATALOG1 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
17 10 PDB1:USERS NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
25 15 PDB1:TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25
26 10 MYTBS01 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26
28 1 T2 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-28
29 1 T3 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T3_FNO-29
30 1 T4 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T4_FNO-30
31 5 T5 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31
32 5 PDB1:T1 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32
33 10 USER2 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
34 5 PDB1:T2 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34
35 9 PDB1:TC NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf

RMAN> backup datafile 35;

Starting backup at Aug 14 2019 10:33:35
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=279 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=23 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00035 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at Aug 14 2019 10:33:36
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at Aug 14 2019 10:33:37
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T103336_go75k8vm_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T103336 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at Aug 14 2019 10:33:37

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 14 2019 10:33:37
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_14/o1_mf_s_1016274818_go75kbkj_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at Aug 14 2019 10:33:39

RMAN> quit
Recovery Manager complete.
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ dd of=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf bs=8192 conv=notrunc seek=130 << EOF > This is corruption
> EOF
0+1 records in
0+1 records out
19 bytes (19 B) copied, 0.000893291 s, 21.3 kB/s
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> connect sys/oracle_4U@//racnode2/pdb1 as sysdba
Connected.
SQL>
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;

System altered.

SQL> select * from tc.tbl_tc;
select * from tc.tbl_tc
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 35, block # 130)
ORA-01110: data file 35: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf'

-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;

FILE# BLOCK# BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTIO CON_ID
---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ --------- ----------
35 130 1 0 CORRUPT 0

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Wed Aug 14 10:36:25 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> recover datafile 35 block 130;

Starting recover at Aug 14 2019 10:36:55
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=269 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=23 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring block(s)
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying block(s) to restore from backup set
restoring blocks of datafile 00035
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T103336_go75k8vm_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T103336_go75k8vm_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T103336
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored block(s) from backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: block restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

Finished recover at Aug 14 2019 10:37:01

RMAN> quit
Recovery Manager complete.
-bash-4.1$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@//racnode2/pdb1 as sysdba

SQL> select * from tc.tbl_tc;

ID
----------
1

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Wed Aug 14 10:37:37 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> blockrecover corruption list;

Starting recover at Aug 14 2019 10:37:47
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=279 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=23 device type=DISK

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at Aug 14 2019 10:37:49

RMAN> quit
Recovery Manager complete.
-bash-4.1$ sql
SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;

no rows selected

-----------------------------
Performing disaster recovery
-----------------------------
SQL> select name from v$datafile
2 union all
3 select member from v$logfile
4 union all
5 select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-4
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-5
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-28
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T3_FNO-29
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T4_FNO-30
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/redo01.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete input format '/u01/app/oracle/backup2/full_backup_cdb1_%U.bkp';

-bash-4.1$ cd /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1
-bash-4.1$ ls
data_D-CDB1_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26 data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9 data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32 data_D-CDB1_TS-T4_FNO-30 data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12 data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1 data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-28 data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31 data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3 data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-5 data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34 data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25 data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7 data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8 data_D-CDB1_TS-T3_FNO-29 data_D-CDB1_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-4
-bash-4.1$ rm -rf *
-bash-4.1$ ls
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/
-bash-4.1$ ls
afiedt.buf data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7 mytbs01.dbf.bkp pdbseed redo02.log redo4.log redo6.log
control01.ctl data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-5 pdb1 redo01.log redo03.log redo5.log
-bash-4.1$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1
-bash-4.1$ rm -rf *
-bash-4.1$ ls
-bash-4.1$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/
-bash-4.1$ ll
total 0
-bash-4.1$ cd /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/
-bash-4.1$ ll
total 18160
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 18595840 Aug 14 10:50 control02.ctl
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ rm control02.ctl
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ dbs
-bash-4.1$ ls
hc_cdb1.dat hc_orcl.dat initcdb1.ora init.ora initorcl.ora lkCDB1 lkDUMMY lkORCL orapwcdb1 orapworcl snapcf_cdb1.f spfilecdb1.ora spfileorcl.ora
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ rm spfilecdb1.ora
-bash-4.1$ rm initcdb1.ora
-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> startup force
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/initcdb1.ora'

-bash-4.1$
-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Wed Aug 14 10:51:25 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup nomount;

startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0.2/db_1/dbs/initcdb1.ora'

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile
Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes

Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 281018472 bytes
Database Buffers 784334848 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes

RMAN> restore spfile from '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_14/o1_mf_s_1016275497_go766kwo_.bkp';

Starting restore at Aug 14 2019 10:53:21
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_14/o1_mf_s_1016275497_go766kwo_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete
Finished restore at Aug 14 2019 10:53:23

RMAN> startup force nomount

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes

Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 666894440 bytes
Database Buffers 398458880 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_14/o1_mf_s_1016275497_go766kwo_.bkp';

Starting restore at Aug 14 2019 10:54:10
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl
Finished restore at Aug 14 2019 10:54:14

RMAN> alter database mount;

Statement processed
released channel: ORA_DISK_1

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at Aug 14 2019 10:54:44
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at Aug 14 2019 10:54:44
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=249 device type=DISK
Crosschecked 24 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at Aug 14 2019 10:54:46

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at Aug 14 2019 10:54:46
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
Crosschecked 2 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at Aug 14 2019 10:54:47

searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_13/o1_mf_s_1016195699_go4r8w7n_.bkp
File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_13/o1_mf_s_1016212626_go58sv6f_.bkp
File Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/autobackup/2019_08_14/o1_mf_s_1016275497_go766kwo_.bkp

using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00026 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00028 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-28
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00031 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00033 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go761j05_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00001 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00004 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-4
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00029 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T3_FNO-29
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00030 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T4_FNO-30
channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go761hrr_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go761j05_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T104215
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:16
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95C4062AA822B8E0536638A8C060CB/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go763lp2_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go761hrr_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T104215
channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_2: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:20
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00009 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00010 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00032 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00034 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34
channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go763ldl_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95C4062AA822B8E0536638A8C060CB/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go763lp2_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T104215
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:48
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-5
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95C4062AA822B8E0536638A8C060CB/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go765dqv_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go763ldl_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T104215
channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_2: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:00
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00008 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00012 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00017 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00025 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00035 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go765d5k_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_2: ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go765d5k_.bkp
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95C4062AA822B8E0536638A8C060CB/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go765dqv_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T104215
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:22
failover to previous backup

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00012 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00017 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00025 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T095611_go73gylk_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00035 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T103336_go75k8vm_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_2: ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T103336_go75k8vm_.bkp
ORA-19504: failed to create file "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T095611_go73gylk_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T095611
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
failover to previous backup

creating datafile file number=35 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/14/2019 10:57:31
ORA-01119: error in creating database file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf'
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 1
RMAN-06956: create datafile failed; retry after removing /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf from OS

RMAN> quit

Recovery Manager complete.
-bash-4.1$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/
-bash-4.1$ mkdir pdb1
-bash-4.1$ ls
control01.ctl pdb1
-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Wed Aug 14 10:58:20 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122, not open)

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at Aug 14 2019 10:58:32
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=240 device type=DISK

skipping datafile 1; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1
skipping datafile 4; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-4
skipping datafile 29; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T3_FNO-29
skipping datafile 30; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T4_FNO-30
skipping datafile 3; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3
skipping datafile 26; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26
skipping datafile 28; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-28
skipping datafile 31; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31
skipping datafile 33; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
skipping datafile 5; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-5
skipping datafile 7; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7
skipping datafile 9; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9
skipping datafile 10; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
skipping datafile 32; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32
skipping datafile 34; already restored to file /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00008 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00012 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00017 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00025 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00035 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go765d5k_.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/8F95F488F27F26B1E0536638A8C085A3/backupset/2019_08_14/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20190814T104215_go765d5k_.bkp tag=TAG20190814T104215
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished restore at Aug 14 2019 10:58:49

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at Aug 14 2019 10:58:58
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

starting media recovery

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=32
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/backup2/full_backup_cdb1_2hu968h8_1_1.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup2/full_backup_cdb1_2hu968h8_1_1.bkp tag=TAG20190814T104455
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_14/o1_mf_1_32_go770wlr_.arc thread=1 sequence=32
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/CDB1/archivelog/2019_08_14/o1_mf_1_32_go770wlr_.arc RECID=49 STAMP=1016276340
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=33
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 08/14/2019 10:59:02
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 33 and starting SCN of 3471829

RMAN> restore archivelog from sequence 31;

Starting restore at Aug 14 2019 11:07:13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=31
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/backup2/full_backup_cdb1_29u968c5_1_1.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=32
channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/backup2/full_backup_cdb1_2hu968h8_1_1.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup2/full_backup_cdb1_29u968c5_1_1.bkp tag=TAG20190814T104212
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/backup2/full_backup_cdb1_2hu968h8_1_1.bkp tag=TAG20190814T104455
channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_2: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at Aug 14 2019 11:07:14

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at Aug 14 2019 11:09:21
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

starting media recovery

unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=33
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 08/14/2019 11:09:22
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 33 and starting SCN of 3471829

RMAN> recover database until scn 3471829;

Starting recover at Aug 14 2019 11:09:52
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2

starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished recover at Aug 14 2019 11:09:53

RMAN> alter database open;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of sql statement command at 08/14/2019 11:10:09
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

Statement processed

RMAN> quit

Recovery Manager complete.
-bash-4.1$ sql

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ WRITE

SQL> set pagesize 10000
SQL> select name from v$datafile
2 union all
3 select member from v$logfile
4 union all
5 select name from v$controlfile;

NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-4
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-5
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-28
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T3_FNO-29
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T4_FNO-30
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
/u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/redo01.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/redo03.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/redo02.log
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/cdb1/control02.ctl

25 rows selected.

SQL> select current_scn from v$database;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
3472851

SQL> quit

Perform incomplete recovery (Time,SCN and Change based)

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete input format '/u01/app/oracle/backup2/my_full_bkp_%U.bkp';

SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;

Session altered.

SQL> create tablespace tbs_pitr datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tbs_pitr.dbf' size 10M;

Tablespace created.

SQL> create user pitr identified by pitr default tablespace tbs_pitr quota unlimited on tbs_pitr temporary tablespace temp;

User created.

SQL> grant connect,resource to pitr;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> connect pitr/pitr@//racnode2/pdb1
Connected.

SQL> create table mytable as select * from all_objects where rownum < 100; Table created. SQL> select count(*) from mytable;

COUNT(*)
----------
99

SQL> connect sys/oracle_4U@//racnode2/pdb1 as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select current_scn from V$database;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
3574483

SQL> select scn_to_timestamp(3574483) from dual;

SCN_TO_TIMESTAMP(3574483)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
14-AUG-19 11.26.31.000000000 AM

SQL> set timing on
SQL> set time on
11:27:04 SQL> truncate table pitr.mytable;

Table truncated.

Elapsed: 00:00:00.40
11:27:19 SQL> select count(*) from pitr.mytable;

COUNT(*)
----------
0

Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
11:27:27 SQL>
11:27:28 SQL> shut immediate
Pluggable Database closed.
11:27:32 SQL> connect / as sysdba
Connected.
11:27:38 SQL> shut immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
11:28:00 SQL>
11:28:01 SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1073741824 bytes
Fixed Size 2932632 bytes
Variable Size 666894440 bytes
Database Buffers 398458880 bytes
Redo Buffers 5455872 bytes
Database mounted.
11:28:19 SQL> quit

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Wed Aug 14 11:28:24 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122, not open)

RMAN> run
2> {
3> set until scn 3574483;
4> restore database;
5> recover database;
6> }

RMAN> alter database open;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of sql statement command at 08/14/2019 11:32:26
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

Statement processed

RMAN> quit
Recovery Manager complete.

-bash-4.1$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@//racnode2/pdb1 as sysdba

SQL> select count(*) from pitr.mytable;

COUNT(*)
----------
99

SQL> quit

Recover database to the previous incarnation.

SELECT incarnation#,resetlogs_change#,status,con_id from v$database_incarnation;

-bash-4.1$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@//racnode2/pdb1 as sysdba
select count(*) from pitr.mytable;
truncate table pitr.mytable;

shutdown immediate
startup mount

RMAN> run
2> {
3> set until scn 3574483;
4> restore database;
5> recover database;
6> }

RMAN-20208: UNTIL CHANGE is before RESETLOGS change

-bash-4.1$ oerr RMAN 20208
20208, 1, UNTIL CHANGE is before RESETLOGS change
// *Cause: UNTIL CHANGE cannot be less than the database RESETLOGS change.
// *Action: Check the UNTIL CHANGE. If the database needs to be restored to
// an old incarnation, use the RESET DATABASE TO INCARNATION command.
//

RMAN> RESET DATABASE TO INCARNATION 3;
RMAN>
RMAN> run
2> {
3> set until scn 3574483;
4> restore database;
5> recover database;
6> }

ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ ONLY;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE PDB1 OPEN READ ONLY;
select count(*) from pitr.mytable;

Performing tablespace point in time recovery (TSPITR)

SQL> create tablespace my_tbs_pitr datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/mypitr.dbf' size 10M autoextend on;

Tablespace created.

SQL> create user mypitr identified by mypitr default tablespace my_tbs_pitr quota unlimited on my_tbs_pitr temporary tablespace temp;

User created.

SQL> grant connect,resource,dba to mypitr;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> connect mypitr/mypitr@//racnode2/pdb1
Connected.
SQL>
SQL> create table mytable as select * from dba_objects;

Table created.

SQL> select count(*) from mytable;

COUNT(*)
----------
91295

SQL> quit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
-bash-4.1$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Wed Aug 14 12:16:01 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> backup database plus archivelog delete all input;

$sql
SQL> ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER=PDB1;

Session altered.

SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
SQL> BEGIN
2 DBMS_TTS.TRANSPORT_SET_CHECK('MY_TBS_PITR',TRUE,TRUE);
3 END;
4 /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> SELECT * FROM TRANSPORT_SET_VIOLATIONS;

no rows selected

SQL> SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,OWNER,NAME FROM TS_PITR_OBJECTS_TO_BE_DROPPED
2 WHERE CREATION_TIME > TO_DATE('14-AUG-2019','DD-MON-RRRR')
3 AND TABLESPACE_NAME='MY_TBS_PITR';

TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------
OWNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MY_TBS_PITR
MYPITR
MYTABLE

SQL> SELECT CURRENT_SCN FROM V$DATABASE;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
3677123

SQL>
SQL> TRUNCATE TABLE mypitr.mytable;

Table truncated.

SQL> select count(*) from mytable;
select count(*) from mytable
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

SQL> select count(*) from mypitr.mytable;

COUNT(*)
----------
0

SQL> quit

-bash-4.1$ pwd
/home/oracle/aux
-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Wed Aug 14 12:24:18 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> report schema;

Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name CDB1

List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 810 SYSTEM YES /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-1
3 710 SYSAUX NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-3
4 220 UNDOTBS1 YES /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-4
5 250 PDB$SEED:SYSTEM NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-5
7 550 PDB$SEED:SYSAUX NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-7
8 270 PDB1:SYSTEM NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-8
9 590 PDB1:SYSAUX NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-9
10 5 PDB1:USERS NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-10
12 10 PDB1:RCATALOG1 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-RCATALOG1_FNO-12
17 10 PDB1:USERS NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USERS_FNO-17
25 15 PDB1:TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-TEST_ENCRYPTION_BKP_FNO-25
26 10 MYTBS01 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-MYTBS01_FNO-26
28 1 T2 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-28
29 1 T3 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T3_FNO-29
30 1 T4 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T4_FNO-30
31 5 T5 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T5_FNO-31
32 5 PDB1:T1 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T1_FNO-32
33 10 USER2 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-USER2_FNO-33
34 5 PDB1:T2 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/data_D-CDB1_TS-T2_FNO-34
35 9 PDB1:TC NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tc.dbf
36 10 PDB1:TBS_PITR NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/tbs_pitr.dbf
37 14 PDB1:MY_TBS_PITR NO /u01/app/oracle/oradata/cdb1/pdb1/mypitr.dbf

RMAN> recover tablespace PDB1:MY_TBS_PITR until scn 3677123 auxiliary destination '/home/oracle/aux';
recover tablespace PDB1:TEST UNTIL SCN 2958620 auxiliary destination '/refresh/home/aux';

Removing automatic instance
shutting down automatic instance
Oracle instance shut down
Automatic instance removed
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/CDB1/onlinelog/o1_mf_3_go7fn50g_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/CDB1/onlinelog/o1_mf_2_go7fn3b8_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/CDB1/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_go7fn1wd_.log deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/CDB1/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_go7flhd1_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/CDB1/datafile/o1_mf_system_go7fljvy_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/CDB1/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_go7fhyj7_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/CDB1/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_go7fhylx_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/CDB1/datafile/o1_mf_system_go7fhyho_.dbf deleted
auxiliary instance file /home/oracle/aux/CDB1/controlfile/o1_mf_go7fhr1h_.ctl deleted
auxiliary instance file tspitr_Ckua_42706.dmp deleted
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 08/14/2019 12:52:34
RMAN-06962: Error received during export of metadata
RMAN-06960: EXPDP> ORA-39006: internal error
ORA-39065: unexpected master process exception in DISPATCH
ORA-25153: Temporary Tablespace is Empty

ORA-39097: Data Pump job encountered unexpected error -25153

-bash-4.1$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Wed Aug 14 16:40:45 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: CDB1 (DBID=989477122)

RMAN> sql 'PDB1' 'alter tablespace MY_TBS_PITR online';

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
sql statement: alter tablespace MY_TBS_PITR online

RMAN> quit

Recovery Manager complete.
-bash-4.1$ sqlplus sys/oracle_4U@//racnode2/pdb1 as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Wed Aug 14 16:41:59 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select count(*) from mypitr.mytable;

COUNT(*)
----------
91296

[4] Verify the rman backups

The main purpose of RMAN validation is to check for corrupt blocks and missing files. 
You can also use RMAN to determine whether backups can be restored. You can use the following RMAN commands to perform validation:

VALIDATE
BACKUP ... VALIDATE
RESTORE ... VALIDATE

[1] Checking for Block Corruption with the VALIDATE Command

#How to validate all data files and control files (and the server parameter file if one is in use)
RMAN> VALIDATE DATABASE;

#How you can validate a particular backup set
RMAN> VALIDATE BACKUPSET 22;

#How you can check individual data blocks within a data file for corruption.
RMAN> VALIDATE DATAFILE 1 BLOCK 10;

#To make parallel the validation of a data file:
RUN
{
ALLOCATE CHANNEL c1 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
ALLOCATE CHANNEL c2 DEVICE TYPE DISK;
VALIDATE DATAFILE 1 SECTION SIZE 1200M;
}

[2] Validating Database Files with BACKUP VALIDATE

#To validate files with the BACKUP VALIDATE command, This command checks for physical corruptions only.
BACKUP VALIDATE DATABASE ARCHIVELOG ALL;

#To check for logical corruptions in addition to physical corruptions
BACKUP VALIDATE CHECK LOGICAL DATABASE ARCHIVELOG ALL;

[3] Validating Backups Before Restoring Them

#How to validating the restore of the database and all archived redo logs:
RESTORE DATABASE VALIDATE;
RESTORE ARCHIVELOG ALL VALIDATE;

[4] Validating CDBs and PDBs

#Validating a Whole CDB
VALIDATE DATABASE;
VALIDATE DATABASE ROOT;

#Validating PDBs
VALIDATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE hr_pdb, sales_pdb;
RESTORE DATABASE VALIDATE;

=====================
Path to Documentation:
=====================
Oracle Database Backup and Recovery User's Guide
-> 9 Backing Up the Database
-> 10 Backing Up the Database: Advanced Topics
-> 16 Validating Database Files and Backups

Oracle Database Backup and Recovery User's Guide
-> Performing RMAN Recovery: Advanced Scenarios

Oracle Data Guard Concepts and Administration
-> 11 Using RMAN to Back Up and Restore Files

Reference
Database Administration -> Database Backup and Recovery Guide
-> 24 Troubleshooting RMAN Operations

Database Backup and Recovery User's Guide
17 Performing Complete Database Recovery
19 Performing Block Media Recovery
20 Performing RMAN Recovery: Advanced Scenarios
21 Performing RMAN Tablespace Point-in-Time Recovery (TSPITR)

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